Classical Education: Latin, Greeks, & Romans

Showing posts with label Classical Education. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Classical Education. Show all posts

Friday, August 2, 2013

Why a focus on Greece and Rome

I have chosen to focus on Greece and Rome in our homeschool.  Not because I have any real convictions about it myself yet, (I certainly remain uneducated in this area), but because I have read arguments for it and I believe that it has merit.  I believe spiritual knowledge is prime, but when it comes to secular knowledge, the civilizations of Greece and Rome take the cake and actually support our spiritual learning.  The truth from their world is timeless and foundational to all that we know today.  From the little that I have learned and read, I am finding that this is true, and that there is beauty and truth in these ancient civilizations, and valuable lessons to be learned.

Anyway, I found a great article that I wanted to post on here that really encompasses the link between the ancient and the spiritual knowledge, and the benefits of being immersed in the classics.

From Memoria Press: Why Read Homer's Iliad? written by Cheryl Lowe http://www.memoriapress.com/articles/why-read-homers-iliad   (emphasis and notes mine)

"The heart of a classical education is the cumulative study of Latin and the classical civilizations of Greece and Rome. In the Western tradition, education has always been synonymous with classical education. It began with the Greeks and Romans, was preserved and expanded by Christians during the Middle Ages and Renaissance, and continued unabated until well into the twentieth century.

"I have said many times that Latin is not dead: it is immortal. Latin is truly the most influential language in human history. It has been immortalized in modern romance languages, in modern scientific languages, and in its own great literature.

"The most difficult part of classical education for parents to understand is not Latin, but rather our classical studies curriculum. Why study the Greeks and Romans? They are all dead, their civilization is dead and gone, they were pagans, and they weren't even Christians. What do they have to say to us?

"Just as Latin is not dead, it is also true that Greece and Rome are not dead. They, too, are immortal in their architecture, art, law, government, languages, mythology, literature, and philosophy. The cultures of Greece and Rome live around and through us every day.


"Students who study Latin soon see that Latin is everywhere and that they have been speaking and reading Latin all of their lives. Likewise, students who study Greece and Rome soon see that those cultures are everywhere, and they have been living as Greeks and Romans all of their lives.

"The story of Greek and Roman literature begins with the story of Troy. Our students at Highlands Latin School read the Iliad and the Odyssey in the seventh Grade, and at first, the warrior culture of these early Greeks seems very alien. They were not sensitive and sentimental like us. They were not politically correct at all. Achilles was certainly not a nice Christian gentleman like Robert E. Lee. We don't know many real facts about the Trojan War, and all those silly gods fighting and taking sides—ridiculous! Why don't we read something useful, like a book on the Civil War?

"But the Iliad, we discover, is a book about the Civil War. It is a book about all wars, about the people and characters that you find in every war—actually, in every town!—the wise, the foolish, the clever, the noble, the base, the ambitious, the women, the old, and the young. It is about their pettiness, their heroism, their adventures, their sacrifices, and their sufferings. The Iliad is mostly about people, not war, and it gives us unforgettable and universal character types.

"There is no passage in all of literature more moving than when Priam comes to beg for the body of Hector and kisses the bloody hands of Achilles, who has slaughtered so many of his sons. The two enemies, one old and one young, sit down and weep together over what they both have lost.

"Hector is the real hero of the Iliad, and he dies at the hands of Achilles, who desecrates his body and drags it around the walls of Troy, Venus then restores his body to perfection before it is returned to Priam. And the Iliad ends, “Thus was the funeral of Hector, tamer of horses." The Iliad is a strange poem when you think about it. It is not at all what we expect from a story about a great war hero. Hector, in fact, is just the opposite of the John Wayne, Clint Eastwood, make-my-day kind of hero that we so admire. I'm sure the Greeks were just like us and would have much preferred a poem that showed that they were number one, that they were right, and deserved to win over the effeminate Trojans. But that is not what Homer gave them—or us. Hector, in some sense, prefigures Christ, for he was not at all the Greek ideal of a hero, godlike in beauty and strength. Rather, he was a hero that was defiled and humiliated.

"I don't know any substitute for Latin for training the intellect and sharpening the mind. And I don't know any substitute for the Iliad for humanizing and civilizing the young. There is no book on the Civil War—or any war—that compares with the Iliad. And your children will be a little wiser and a little more human for having read it. Each year, our students at Highlands Latin School read the Iliad, under the guidance of Mr. Wheatley, our principal, and knowing the death of Hector is imminent, they often express the fear that they are going to cry in class.

"The Iliad and Odyssey are the beginnings of Western literature. The story of that war and its aftermath continues in the Aeneid, which our students read in the eighth Grade. Written by the great Roman poet Virgil, and modeled on the Iliad and the Odyssey, the Aeneid tells the story of Aeneas, who was destined to escape from the burning city of Troy and found a new city, Rome. And the destiny of Rome, Virgil tells us, was to civilize and rule the world. Rome brought an unprecedented two hundred years of peace and prosperity to the ancient world, preparing the way for the coming of Christ and the spread of the gospel to the ends of the known world.  (And the link between Rome and America is made even clearer.  As Rome prepared the way for Christ, so has America prepared the way for the Restoration of His gospel in these last days.)

"And the story continues in the ninth Grade when students read Greek drama and follow other heroes who return home from the Trojan War. The cycle of vengeance that is the curse of the House of Atreus, the unspeakable fate of Oedipus: the Greeks were certainly not afraid to ask the dark and hard questions about such matters. But in doing so, they prepared the way for the even darker and harder answer, the Crucifixion, too dark even for the Greeks.

"And the story continues at Highlands Latin School when ninth graders read the Divine Comedy, written at the opening of the Renaissance, almost one thousand years after the fall of Rome. In this great Christian epic, Dante must travel through Hell in order to learn about the true nature of man and the reality of sin. And who is his guide in the afterlife but Virgil, Dante's symbol of human wisdom and, of course, the author of theAeneid. And who does Dante see on his journey through the afterlife but those ancient heroes of old, Achilles, Odysseus, Caesar, Brutus, and, of course, the saints and sinners of the Bible and of Dante's own age.

"I hope you can see that literature taught in this way is a continuous story. That is what literature should be but rarely is. And I hope you can see that the Greek and Roman classics first told those stories that reverberate through all of literature. The classics of Greece and Rome are not optional: if we skip them, we have no hope at all of teaching literature with any real understanding or meaning.

"The classics of Greece and Rome provide us with a set of connected stories and a cast of characters that teach us what it means to be human. They are also the basis of literature, teaching us about the natural man (man at his best and worst, but natural man). They don't give us the answers that we find in revelation, but they do give us the questions.

"Chaucer, Shakespeare, and all of our great English writers take this basic canon for granted; references to it are everywhere. We can't really read English literature with understanding and profit unless we know this classical heritage as they did.

"At the turn of the millennium, there were many lists of the greatest works of the twentieth century. At the top of every list was James Joyce's Ulysses. Ulysses, of course, is the Roman name for Odysseus. Twenty-eight hundred years after Homer wrote the Odyssey, it still echoes through the words of the poets of the twentieth century. As William Faulkner said, “The past is not dead, it's not even past."

Thursday, July 25, 2013

Classical vs. Modern Education

I am majoring in Educational Studies with an online college.  I get to read over and over, in every single class I take, NOTHING about real education, but everything about progressive education, and it grates on my nerves. 

I have been struggling to pin-point the main difference between progressive education (public school education) and classical education, but haven't been able to do so successfully.  I finally ran across this article.  It hits the nail on the head.

Anyway, you can visit the link or below I have pasted the parts I found most profound from the article:

"...modern, progressive education has as a goal fulfilling the individual needs, interests and capacities of the individual students. This emphasis focuses on what is individual to each student, therefore upon the differences among the students, as if such differences were paramount in determining the means of education employed.

"If children share only similar physical characteristics, given that no two bodies (not even of “identical” twins post partum) are just exactly alike, then differences in height, genetic makeup, health, test-taking ability, IQ scores, and so on --all those things which individuate them from their fellows — are indeed of primary importance since they are different in nearly all such things that can be measured physically. In that case, no two children are truly equal (except before the law, in some countries).

"... However, if all children share something in common much more important than their similar yet differing bodies, then that shared commonality, that likeness will be of paramount importance in determining how best to educate them.

"Here we come to the crux of the matter. Different conceptions of the nature of man result in different educational goals and means. For those who think or believe that all men share a common human nature and like, immortal souls, then that reality becomes of paramount importance in determining the goals and means of education, which will certainly not be focused primarily on the less important  measurable, individual differences of their physical beings  (except perhaps in the most unusual cases of physical disability). Instead, education will be focused on the care of that shared human nature on their immortal souls."

"Since [Socrates] believed the soul was immortal and would have some eternal fate based upon its goodness or lack thereof  (as do all the major Western religions Christianity, Islam, Judaism), Socrates’ views on education reflected that belief, as did that of his ancient Greeks and the ancient Romans who followed the Greeks. Hence Socrates taught that the one thing needful for the soul was that it should strive after goodness.

"Since the fate of one’s immortal soul hinged on its goodness, then the pursuit of goodness became the principal occupation for the ancient Greeks. Goodness for them consisted of the virtues or habits of good action and thought, in proper order and harmony, leading to wisdom. So to pursue wisdom, and goodness, was to be on one and the same path. But how best to advance on this path? Socrates, beyond all of his philosophical dialogues, felt that one thing in particular was most important: “[I] thought that, because I loved him, my company could make him a better man,” [Socratic Aeschines fr. II c, p. 273 Dittmar]. This was the Socratic approach to education in its core: education through love.
 
"....Indeed, education did not mean for Socrates the cultivation of the intellect alone to the neglect of all else, but since man is attracted to the good, first by what is beautiful, education must first begin with the senses, proceed on to the memory, imagination, intuition and intellect, spurred on to all by love."
 
"Modern, progressive education, in either denying or ignoring the soul is left with nothing else but the body, the brain, to educate (with competitive sports added helter-skelter). The brain thus conceived as a sort of computer that moves about, rather than goodness or wisdom the goal of human education becomes knowledge in the sense of data storage and retrieval (in the better of the modern schools), and mere political indoctrination in most. Love is irrelevant in such an environment."
 
"Ignore the souls of children and so remove love from education and what do you get: modern, progressive “dumbing-down” education where fear and hatred stalk the halls and all too often explode into violence and despair.
Very, very few can learn well in such environments as sinking test scores and poor academic achievement (such as the growing inability of high schoolers even to read) increasingly confirm."
 
"Homeschooling is so successful relative to public and private school education, despite many obstacles and disadvantages, primarily because children have souls and thrive in every way – in the loving environment of their families."

-----------------------------end of article--------------------------------------------------

Final thoughts:

I am finding that the scriptures, particularly the Book of Mormon, are absolutely jammed packed with a clear roadmap on how to "strive after goodness" and attain virtue and wisdom: the ultimate goal of a classical education. 

This is what motivates and thrills me about homeschooling: the pursuit of how to best cultivate virtue and wisdom in my children.  Especially how to lead my children, and myself, to be more like our Savior, so that we can have a good life here and an eternal life to come; that we may have faith, hope, charity, and an eternal perspective in this dark, uncertain world.

"Wherefore, my beloved brethren, if ye have not charity, ye are nothing, for charity never faileth. Wherefore, cleave unto charity, which is the greatest of all, for all things must fail
 But charity is the pure love of Christ, and it endureth forever;" (Moroni 7: 46-47)

And finally:
 
"Wherefore, all things which are good cometh of God; and that which is evil cometh of the devil; for the devil is an enemy unto God, and fighteth against him continually, and inviteth and enticeth to sin, and to do that which is evil continually.
 "But behold, that which is of God inviteth and enticeth to do good continually; wherefore, every thing which inviteth and enticeth to do good, and to love God, and to serve him, is inspired of God."  (Moroni 7:12-13)
 
That about sums up my feelings towards progressive education vs. classical education. 
 
This is why I homeschool and why public school education will never be an option. 

Wednesday, March 20, 2013

Latin-Centered Education: A Classical Education

I read this article today in defense of a Latin-centered, classical education.  I've ready many, many articles like it, so this isn't new knowledge for me; it only further confirms my belief that this is the way to go in education.

Now, just because it is called a Latin-Centered education does not mean that we do not have a Christ-centered or scripture-centered education.  Our "main book," like TJed talks about, is the scriptures.  We are not taking turns reading from The Odyssey after we say our Latin prayers in the morning.  That is ridiculous.  Thomas Jefferson received a classical education, as did most of the Founding Fathers.  The linked article lists the top most influential people of all time: they ALL received a classical, Latin-centered education. 

I did NOT receive a classical education; I didn't even receive a decent education.  I've never studied Latin.  I  don't know Greek or Roman history, nor have I ever read a single truly classical book in my life.  Savannah's third grade grammar was difficult for me.  I've got some serious self-education to do if I am going to give my children a classical education.

My own education begins with Latin.  I thought I might work through a English grammar book first, but I am going to trust the Latin experts and first learn Latin.  I purchased First Form Latin from Memoria Press.  It has a DVD teacher.  I'm filling in my own student workbook and checking my answers in the teacher's manual.  It is hard.  It has a steep learning curve for me. 

I'm convinced there is nothing more important than to be a knowledgable teacher of Latin, then of Greek and Roman history, then of the classics, then of math, then of writing, then of science (which will probably be the one subject I farm out).  That is my order of priority.  I can't be a good teacher of everything, but I must be a good teacher of Latin.

Thursday, August 11, 2011

Education must have its roots in moral principles....

"Let us never lose sight of the fact that education is a preparation for life -- and that preparing for life is far more than knowing how to make a living or how to land on the moon. Preparing for life means building personal integrity, developing a sound sense of values, increasing the capacity and willingness to serve. Education must have its roots in moral principles. If we lose sight of that fact in our attempt to match our educational system against that of the materialists *, we shall have lost far more than we could possibly gain."
--Teachings of Ezra Taft Benson, p. 297


*Materialist=One who denies the existence of spiritual substances, and maintains that the soul of man is the result of a particular organization of matter in the body. Webster's 1828 Dictionary

It is a little daunting to be in complete charge of my children's education.  I think about education constantly: curriculum, methods, theories, etc.  It's what I read about, what I research, and what I spend my time doing every day.  I enjoy it thoroughly. 

However, I feel that I am missing something.  I want the spiritual and moral to be at the root of our education (OUR because I'm being educated right along with the kids) than the academic pursuit... which is easy to get caught up in.  How do I get there?  I think I need to rethink my goals for my kids and their education. 

I want more joy and delight in learning. 

I need to be a better person than I am; I need to work on my own testimony and character.

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We are at the end of Week 3 and it is going really well.  I feel that I have chosen some really great curriculum this year.  Our days are getting shorter as we are getting into the routine and habit of our lessons... which leaves more room for playing... or whatever we want to do.

Phonics Road is solid, as is Writing With Ease.  They don't take very long at all and they are teaching great skills.  Why do I want to ditch them both and follow a Charlotte Mason approach? 

At this age... a CM approach would include ONLY narration and copywork (when it comes to the language arts), and a gazillion good books.  Dictation and light grammar instruction wouldn't come until 4th grade or so, according to CM, WHICH, I believe, is a successful route as well.

PR and WWE are easy now with only two kids to work with.  How will it be when I have a 6th, 4th, 2nd, Ker, and preschooler (and possibly toddler, infant, and who knows how many more...)?  Will I regret my obsessing and fretting over academics while my children are young and wish I had been more relaxed about it and ENJOYED the journey more?

WHY let go of something solid that is working?  Is this just me changing my mind again or a prompting from the Spirit?

More to ponder, research, read about, think about, and pray about.  It truly never ends.

Tuesday, May 3, 2011

TJed

So I've met THREE ladies so far that are thinking about or wanting to homeschool. All three have looked at TJed (and I think ONLY TJed) and really like it; they all know families that do TJed really well.

I've read about it on the internet, but have never actually read the book because I haven't been impressed with what I've read thus far. I borrowed the book from one lady and finally read it. Still not impressed. His main idea: to read the classics and teach our children from the classics, is a great idea. The Well-Trained Mind also does this. Charlotte Mason also does this. The difference between the three, from what I can tell, is that the latter two are realistic on how to get there (both in their own ways), whereas TJed is completely unrealistic. He provides no clear path to obtaining that goal.

My second gripe about TJed is the "inspire, not require." I get it. BUT I think a better, more realistic approach would be "inspire as you require," or... "inspire, and if that doesn't work, require."

You've got to learn the math facts (and actually TJed briefly mentions this..) and if I can't INSPIRE you to learn them, you will be required to learn them. Sure, I can't make a kid learn something, but we will drill it daily until they learn them involuntarily and are dreaming in math facts, because they're that important.

I want to be able to focus on literary discussions on the classics when they are in middle/high school age, and not be remediating with math facts or reading ability during that time. The foundation HAS to be solid so that we can do the more important things when they're older. I focus on the 3 R's in grammar, inspired or not, we will do them every day. I'm working TOWARDS the goal of learning from the classics.

So anyway, it just doesn't make a lick of sense to me, and I don't know why so many LDS women are attracted to TJed. I cannot even pick up a classic book and read it easily because of my measly education. I have a long way to go. Why would I expect my children to do so with a similar flimsy foundation?

Here's a great blog that argues the specific points of TJed and why it's bogus: http://whyidontdotjed.blogspot.com/

I think you can glean some good things from the TJed books, but... I'm encouraging these women to look at other options as well. I don't agree with everything from TWTM or CM either, but both provide a clear and reasonable path to the ultimate goal of reading and learning from the classics.